Crushing-machine.



- No. 789,484. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

0. e. BUJHANAN.

GRUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION mun JULY 11. 1800.

3 SHEETBSHBET l.

( A TTOBNEX No. 789,484. PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

v G. G. BU'JHANAN.

GRUSHING- MACHINE.

APPLICATION BIL: 1) JULY 11. 1900.

3 SHEETS-SEEET 2.

WITNESSES: IN VE N 70/? w/ M1? ZW A TTOBNEY.

PATENTED MAY 9, 1905.

C. G. BUCHANAN.

,URUSHING MACHINE.

APPLICATION PILED JULY 11. 1900.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

m." 6 w H i f I avwcmfoz ratented. May '9, 1905.

m r W CHARLES G. BUGTUNAN, ()F NElV YORK, N. Y.

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SPECIFICATION forming part of I etters Patent No. 789,484, dated May 9, 1905.

Application filed July 11, 1900. Serial No. 23,169.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OniAuL'ns G. BUClIAl IAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at lew York city, in the county of Kings and Estate of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crushing-il lztehnes, of which the following is a full, clear, ant cxact specification.

This invention relates to crushers; an .l its object is to construct a crusher of extreme simplicity, great strength, and capable of easy and accurate adjustment. In machines 0 i this character it has been customary heretofore to pivot the movable crushing-jaw of the machine upon the main or supporting frame, thus iutting the heavy strains and blows directly u pen the frame, and also to provide for the adjustment of the machine to crush line or coarse by adjusting the movable instead of the fixed jaw. Such construction is objectionable because the main frames cannot be made strong enough to stand the strain without considerable increase in the cost or weight of the machine and, further, because in moving the jaw it necessarily follows that the mechanism necessary to impart motion to it must be also moved, thus changing the angles of the parts and bringing new surfaces into contact and in many cases throwing the bearings out of line.

My invention therefore com prehends means for relieving the main frame of the crusher from heavy strains and for evenly distributing and localizing such strains upon parts especially devised to withstand the same, and, further, I propose to construct a machine in which the adjustment shall be made by moving the fixed jaw and in which the bearings under strain shall be in line at all times and not subject to rearrangement by the adjustment of the machine.

The invention also eomprehends other features of importance, which will more fully appear hereinafter sueh, for illustration, as the easily-removable and reversible toggle-bearings and will be described more particularly with reference to the forms thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top View of a crusher embodying the principles of my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the machine shown in Fig.

1'. Fig. 3 is a detail perspective view of one of the toggle-plates. Fig. i is a similar view of one of the adjusting-washers. Fig. 5 is a similar View of one of the toggle-bearings. Fig. 6 is an outline view showing the jawstandards in position and other parts for talcing up the strains of the machine. Fig. 7 is a cross-section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 2. Fig. 8 is a detail view of one of the jaw-standards.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 1 represents the main frame or base of the crusher. It is made of any suitable shape or material, but customarily is a cast-iron frame of the desired size and shape--such, for example, as shown in the drawings. 2 and 3 are the crushing-jaws carrying the usual jawplates 4 4. The jaws are hung at their ends by pins 5 and 6 to the jaw-standard 7. The latter is intended to stand a large portion of the strain put upon the crusher, and therefore should be of steel or other material of great tensile strength and adapted to withstand the sudden strains or blows to which a crusher is subjected. The jaw-standard is an independent part removably supported upon or otherwise attached to the frame 1 between the lugs 27. To the lower end of the jaw 2, which is the stationary jaw of the machine, are connected tension -rods 8 by means of pin 9 or other suitable connection. The tension-rods pass through a bearing-plate 10 upon the frame 1 and by means of a sum -nut 11, or other suitable means, are arranged to be adjusted in their position with respect to the frame. The greater part of the strain of the machine is normally directed against the lower crushing surfaces of the jaws and against the hearings 9 and 10. Therefore the rods 8 should be of great tensile strength. Upon the frame 1 is mounted and adapted to be driven by suitable means an eccentric 12, which drives a pitman 13. Upon the end of the pitman 13 and also in the bearing-plate 10 and upon the end of the jaw 3 are suitable bearings 14 14, adapted to receive the toggleplates 15. In operation any excessively-heavy strain upon the machine is directed against the toggle-plates, and if the strain be too heavy for the machine to stand the toggleplates will break. These, however, are cast in interchangeable sizes and are therefore 5 is applied in the usual way to the power-puleasily replaceable. In order that the togglebearings may be quickly replaced and that additional wearing-surfaces may be secured, I prefer to construct them from an equilateral polygonal-shaped or square bar having two or more longitudinal grooves forming bearing-seats 17 for the toggles, and in order to prevent the bearings from moving sidewise I provide the collars or flanges 18 at the ends. An example of such construction is illustrated in detail in Fig. 5. Properlyshaped recesses are formed in the machine for the reception of the bearings, and the latter are held in position by suitable means, such as the set-screws 19 or by the pressure of the toggle-plates. The preferred construction of toggle-plate is shown in detail in Fig. 3, wherein the plate is shown as provided with the longitudinal grooves 20 and the lips or flanges 20', forming a cup for the reception of oil or waste, the groove having its side toward the bearing suitably beveled to permit lubricant to flow to the hearing when the plate is inclined toward the same, whereby the bearings of the machine are kept continually oiled and at the same time are at all times open to examination.

It will be seen that the strain of the tension-rods 8 is directed against one side of the bearing-plate 10 and the strain of the toggle-lever reacts upon the other side of the bearing-plate, thus tending to counterbalance each other; but as this bearing-plate takes up the strain upon the lower ends of the crushing-jaws it should be made of material having considerable tensile strength. In practice I prefer to make it of steel.

The toggle-bearing 14, mounted upon jaw 3, should be located in line with the bearingplate and the pin 9, and the length of the pitman should be such as to bring the togglebearings mounted thereon into the same line when at the end of its stroke to close the jaws, thus bringing all the bearings upon which the strains of the moving parts are directed in line with each other. This construction is shown in outline for clearness in Fig. 6 of the drawings.

Referring to Figs. 1, 2, and 6, the adjustment of the crusher is accomplished by the insertion of one or more washers 2 3 between the stationary jaw and the main frame. The use of washers in all cases, however, is for the purpose of steadying the jaw in position, because as a matter of fact the real work of adjustment is performed by the screw-nut upon the end of the tension-rod. -A simple and efii cient form of washer is shown in detail in Fig. 4:.

In order to facilitate the quick return of the movable jaw after each stroke of the togglelever, the spring-rod 2a and spring-cushion 25 may be employed.

In the operation of the crusher the power ley 26 to operate the toggle which moves the jaw 3. The oscillation of the toggle-plates 15 allows the lubricant to run from the grooves in the plates to the bearings when the plates are inclined toward the same. It will be seen the t the entire crushing strain upon the machi; 1B is taken up by the jaw-standard and by the bearing-plate, the tension-rod, and the toggle bearings and that only a comparatively small strain is put upon the main frame of he crusher. This construction not only permits the main frame to be made of cheaper material, but also allows it to be made open at the ends of the machine and at the sides, thu.. affording at all times a full view of the interior of the crusher. It will also be observed that the adjustment of the machine through the tension-rodS does not in any way affect the alinement of the bearings.

It is obvious that the invention above described is capable of various modifications and that parts of the above-described apparatus may be dispensed with and other equivalent devices substituted in place of other parts, and herefore I desire it to be understood that I do not herein limit myself to the precise construction shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, I declare that what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination with a framecomprising two parts formed with seats, of heavy jawstandards removably supported in said seats, and withheld from movement therein, a movable and a fixed crusher-jaw pivoted at their upper ends in said jaw-standards, an abutment, a direct tension connection between the fixed jaw and the abutment, a toggle between the movable jaw and the abutment, and means for operating said jaw through the toggle, whereby the jaw-standards, the abutment, and the tension connection assume the strain of the work, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a frame comprising two parts formed with seats, jaw-standards formed of metal of superior tensile strength removably supported in said seats, and withheld thereby from longitudinal endwise movement, a movable and a fixed crusher-jaw pivoted at their upper ends in said standards, an abutment, a direct tension connection between the movable jaw and the abutment, and means for transmitting movement to the jaw through the toggle, whereby the jaw-standards, the abutment, and the tension connection assume the strain of the work, substantially as described.

23. In a crusher, the combination with a frame having seats, of heavy jaw-standards mounted therein, a stationary crusher-jaw pi voted at its upper end in said jaw-standards, a movable crusher-jaw also pivoted at its upper end in said jaw-standards, a device adapted to beinserted between the fixed jaw and the frame to adjust the fixed jaw toward and from the movable jaw, and means for actuating the movable jaw, substantially as described.

4:. The combination with a frame, of stationary jaw-standards supported therein, a stationary crusher-jaw having its upper end mounted in said jaw-standards, a movable crusher-jaw having its upper end pivoted in said jaw-standards, a stationary abutment sup-- ported upon said frame, a tension connection attached at one end to the stationary jaw and at the other end to-one side of said abutment, a toggle interposed between the opposite side of said abutment and the lower end of the movable jaw, an adjusting-washer carried by said tension connection intermediate the stationary jaw and the frame, and means for operating the toggle, whereby the j aw-standards, the abutment, and the tension connection as sume the strain of the work, substantially as described.

5. The combination with the frame havin equilateral polygonal recesses, of equilateral polygonal bars having longitudinal grooves n the faces thereof and adapted to be seated n said recesses, said bars having flanged ends engaging the frame, and toggle-plates adapted to be seated in said grooves, substantially as described.

6. The combination with the frame having equilateral polygonal recesses, of equilateral polygonal bars having longitudinal grooves in the faces thereof and adapted to be seated in said recesses, said bars having flanged ends engaging the frame, and toggle-plates adapted to be seated in said grooves, said toggle-plates having longitudinal grooves adjacent to said bearing for the reception of a lubricant, substantially as described.

7. A toggle-bearing, comprising a bar of equilateral polygonal cross-section, having grooves in the faces thereof, and retaininglianges upon the ends of said bars, substantial] y as described. I

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES G. BUCHANAN.

Witnesses:

G. V. EDWARDS, G-Eo. M. SPRAGUE. 

